With the resurgence of direct military conflict with the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) in 2015 and in the wake of the 2016 coup attempt, Turkey began to reinstall andreinvigorate the invasive security apparatus it constructed during the 1980s.
This report uses satellite imagery to track the development of 73 checkpoints across southeast Turkey, showing the evolution of the system in the aftermath of the failed ceasefire with the PKK.
Crucially, for most of the checkpoints observed, more permanent structures were developed after the end of major military operations in the area.
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